{
  "title": "OFAC-designated fleet flag-of-convenience rate by sanctions regime",
  "slug": "sanctioned-fleet-foc-by-program",
  "headline": "Flag-of-convenience reliance varies sharply by sanctions program: 67.7% of the Terror-finance / proliferation-program fleet flies a shell-jurisdiction flag versus 5.2% of the North Korea (DPRK)-program fleet — across 1,464 OFAC-designated vessels with a recorded flag (data as of 2026-06-23).",
  "column": "Sanctions regime (its flag-of-convenience rate)",
  "unit": "flag-of-convenience vessels",
  "total": 503,
  "rows": [
    {
      "label": "Iran — 49.3% flag of convenience",
      "count": 303,
      "pct": 60.2
    },
    {
      "label": "Russia — 26.5% flag of convenience",
      "count": 113,
      "pct": 22.5
    },
    {
      "label": "Terror-finance / proliferation — 67.7% flag of convenience",
      "count": 67,
      "pct": 13.3
    },
    {
      "label": "Venezuela — 21.7% flag of convenience",
      "count": 13,
      "pct": 2.6
    },
    {
      "label": "North Korea (DPRK) — 5.2% flag of convenience",
      "count": 5,
      "pct": 1
    },
    {
      "label": "Cuba — 33.3% flag of convenience",
      "count": 1,
      "pct": 0.2
    },
    {
      "label": "Other regimes — 0.6% flag of convenience",
      "count": 1,
      "pct": 0.2
    }
  ],
  "methodology": [
    "A cross-tabulation of the existing by-flag and by-program datasets: for each OFAC sanctions program, the share of its flagged vessels that fly a Tier-3 flag-of-convenience / shell-jurisdiction register (the same jurisdiction-tier model the by-flag dataset uses).",
    "The % in each row label is that regime's OWN flag-of-convenience rate (its FoC vessels / its flagged vessels). The table is restricted to the flag-of-convenience fleet, so the row count is the regime's FoC vessel count and the row percentage is its share of the whole flag-of-convenience fleet.",
    "Computed over the 1,464 OFAC-designated vessels that carry a recorded flag in the SDN feed; each vessel is assigned to one strongest sanctions regime."
  ],
  "keywords": [
    "flag of convenience",
    "sanctions program",
    "OFAC SDN",
    "shadow fleet",
    "dark fleet",
    "Russia sanctions",
    "Iran sanctions"
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "key": "ofac",
      "name": "OFAC Specially Designated Nationals (SDN) List",
      "url": "https://sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov/"
    }
  ],
  "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "provenance": {
    "source": "U.S. Treasury OFAC Specially Designated Nationals (SDN) list",
    "source_url": "https://sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov/",
    "data_as_of": "2026-06-23",
    "parsed_by": "ArcNautical screening engine (commit f36ce699)",
    "generated_at": "2026-06-24T11:42:22.437Z",
    "canonical": "https://arcnautical.com/data/sanctioned-fleet-foc-by-program/",
    "csv": "https://arcnautical.com/data/sanctioned-fleet-foc-by-program/data.csv",
    "reproducible": "Re-run scripts/generate-data-pages.ts against the same source. All figures use the same scoring modules as the ArcNautical vessel dossier (server/arcnautical/scoring)."
  },
  "extra": {
    "matrix": {
      "Iran": {
        "flagged": 615,
        "foc": 303,
        "focRate": 49.3
      },
      "Russia": {
        "flagged": 427,
        "foc": 113,
        "focRate": 26.5
      },
      "Terror-finance / proliferation": {
        "flagged": 99,
        "foc": 67,
        "focRate": 67.7
      },
      "Venezuela": {
        "flagged": 60,
        "foc": 13,
        "focRate": 21.7
      },
      "North Korea (DPRK)": {
        "flagged": 96,
        "foc": 5,
        "focRate": 5.2
      },
      "Cuba": {
        "flagged": 3,
        "foc": 1,
        "focRate": 33.3
      }
    },
    "totalFlaggedVessels": 1464,
    "totalFocVessels": 503,
    "overallFocRate": 34.4
  }
}